You can zoom in to a specific area of the map by dragging a rectangle across the area of interest. To do this, hold down a Shift key while clicking and dragging the mouse from one corner of the rectangle to the opposite corner, then release the mouse button. To cancel the operation, release the Shift key before releasing the mouse button.
Use the left-, right-, up-, and down-arrow keys on the keyboard to pan the map a small distance to the west, east, north, and south, respectively. When using macOS, hold down the fn key while pressing an arrow key to pan the map a greater distance; for Windows, use the Home, End, Pg Up, and Pg Dn keys. This works when the map has focus; if it doesn't already have focus (because a pop-up menu, a text entry box, or the sidebar is active), click once inside the map frame first.